What exactly are the public health concerns regarding Canada geese? There are no documented or substantiated scientific reports that urban Canada geese pose a public health threat. On the contrary, studies have shown that fecal coliform levels in bodies of water, Salmonella and Campylobacter bacterial pollution, and Giardia contamination are more likely to be the result of human waste and agricultural runoff from livestock. In addition, studies have shown that other waterfowl and invertebrates, such as snails, are far more prevalent hosts for the swimmer's itch parasite.
Can I become sick if I swim in the same water as Canada geese?
There are no documented cases of human illness directly associated with geese or the areas shared with them. Poor water circulation and other sources of contamination are more commonly the problem. People can become ill from swimming in water polluted by surface runoff or by human or domestic animal waste. High levels of fertilizer runoff and sediment buildups in ponds and lakes can lead to algal blooms, which may produce toxins in the water.
Is there a public health problem associated with the presence of goose feces in parks and playgrounds?
In some areas, goose feces may be abundant. However, this presents an aesthetic problem, not a public health issue. It is more likely that a person will become ill from coming into contact with dog or cat feces than from exposure to Canada goose feces. Roundworms, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidia, and Toxoplasmosis are all infectious agents that may be transmitted by contaminated dog and cat feces, both of which are often found in public recreational areas.
The best prevention is to practice good hygiene. Always wash your hands before eating, and discourage children from picking up food found on the ground.
Are Canada geese dangerous animals?
Every wild animal must be treated with respect for his/her wild nature. No one should attempt to touch, handle, or feed wild animals without the proper training or a wildlife rehabilitation permit. Furthermore, because Canada geese are migratory birds, they are protected by the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act. That means that possessing, transporting for other than medical reasons, breeding, selling, or harming a Canada goose, her eggs, or her nest is a federal offense.
Canada geese mate for life and maintain a strong family bond. Nesting geese, in particular, may be territorial. Approaching a goose near her nest may elicit defensive behavior as the goose attempts to protect her young. Should you encounter such behavior, move away and keep a safe distance.
Is it safe to eat the meat of Canada geese that have been rounded up and slaughtered?
Several studies have found unacceptable levels of PCBs, dieldrin, heptachlor, and herbicide residues in the meat of Canada geese that have been rounded up and slaughtered. Some of these chemicals are known carcinogens and neurotoxins, and they may have reproductive or developmental effects. Because of this, toxicologists conducting these studies have recommended that meat containing these residues not be consumed by pregnant women or young children.
What cautionary or preventative measures should I take if I have health concerns regarding Canada geese?
As with any outdoor or wildlife situation, learn the facts about the natural history of the animal. Take the time to learn about the animal's habitat, breeding season, diet, and natural behavior. The more you know, the more you will understand and respect this highly adaptable wild bird.
You can discourage Canada geese from nesting or foraging in public parks by helping your neighborhood develop non-lethal programs such as creating a habitat that is less attractive to them. Consider installing aeration pumps in local ponds and lakes to improve water filtration and circulation.
Use good hygiene and sanitation practices in public recreational areas. Instill these practices in your children. Public health is everyone's responsibility, and so is understanding and tolerance of our native wildlife.
